Explaining G8 Effectiveness in the Approach to the New Millenium

Professor John Kirton
University of Toronto
Toronto, Canada

TABLE F

Co-operative Achievements of G7 Summits, 1988-1997

Putnam and Bayne Based Scoring

1988	Toronto	B
1989	Paris	A-
1990	Houston	B+
1991	London 3	B+
1992	Munich	B
1993	Tokyo 3	B+
1994	Naples	C
1995	Halifax	A-
1996	Lyon	B
1997	Denver	B+

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Note: These scores were assigned by reviewing all published writings on the G7 by Putnam and Bayne individually or jointly, identifying their judgments on the individual Summits as Putnam and Bayne compared each to others since and before 1987, and assigning grades that reflected these ordinal rankings and the degree of the variation. Such a system provides robust guarantees against systemic biases in both the overall level of and range of variation within this contemporary set.

Source: Calculated by Ella Kokotsis